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Why is Mycobutin prescribed?

Mycobutin (Rifabutin) is prescribed to prevent and treat infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in people with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). It's also used in combination with other medications to treat tuberculosis (TB) in individuals with HIV.

What does it do?

Mycobutin (Rifabutin) works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. It belongs to a class of antibiotics called rifamycins. Specifically, it blocks an enzyme (protein) that bacteria need to make copies of themselves, preventing them from growing and spreading.

How should I take it?

The usual dose is 300 mg once daily. If you experience nausea, vomiting, or other gastrointestinal upsetting, your doctor may recommend 150 mg twice daily with food.

For patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min), the dose may need to be reduced by 50%. No adjustment is needed for mild to moderate renal impairment.

What if I missed a dose??

If you miss a dose of Mycobutin (Rifabutin), take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Avoid taking an extra dose.

What are the special precautions before taking Mycobutin?

Here are some special precautions to keep in mind before taking Mycobutin (Rifabutin):

• Do not use Mycobutin if you have active tuberculosis. It should not be used alone for tuberculosis prophylaxis.
• Tell your doctor if you are allergic to rifabutin, rifampin, or any other rifamycin antibiotics.
• Tell your doctor or pharmacist of your medical history, particularly if you have kidney disease, liver disease, or a specific blood disorder (such as porphyria).
• Be aware of potential hypersensitivity reactions, which can include symptoms like rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis.
• Be cautious, as Mycobutin can cause Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea, which can range from mild to severe.
• Mycobutin may reduce the effectiveness of live bacterial vaccines (such as the typhoid vaccine). Tell your healthcare professional that you are using rifabutin before receiving any immunizations or vaccinations.
• This medication should be used during pregnancy only if needed. Discuss the potential risks and benefits with your doctor.

Always inform your doctor about all the medications you are taking, your current and previous medical history.

Does it have any side effects?

It is important to note that all drugs have corresponding side effects and adverse reactions. Additional information may be obtained when you ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Common side effects may include:
• Abdominal pain
• Discoloration (red, orange, or brown) of the skin, tears, sweat, saliva, urine, or stools
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Skin rash or itching
• Headache

Serious side effects may include:
• High fever
• Fainting
• Unusual bleeding or bruising
• Severe eye pain or redness
• Sudden vision loss
• Severe diarrhea
• Rapid, irregular, or pounding heartbeats
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)

This is not a complete list of all possible side effects, and others may occur. For more information about side effects, please consult your healthcare provider.

Is it safe to take it with another drug?

Mycobutin (Rifabutin) can interact with many other medications, so it's important to be cautious. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before combining Mycobutin with other medications.

• Do not use Mycobutin with Delavirdine or Voriconazole.
• Mycobutin can interact with other antibiotics, HIV or AIDS medications, and certain other drugs.
• Some common interactions include Clarithromycin, Fluconazole, and certain HIV medications.
How should I store it?
Store it in a dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep it at room temperature, ideally between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C), and keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent contamination. Lastly, ensure that the medication is kept out of reach of children and pets.
What action should I take in case of overdose?
In case of an overdose with Mycobutin (Rifabutin), it's important to seek medical attention immediately. Call emergency services or go to the nearest hospital.
Is it safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women?

During pregnancy, Mycobutin should only be used when prescribed and if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.

It is also unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. If you have HIV, do not breastfeed, as breast milk can transmit the virus. It is important to consult your doctor before breastfeeding.

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